Dépouillements

Biodiversity: function and assessment in agricultural areas. Biodiversité : fonction et évaluation dans des zones agricoles. / Boris Clergue ; Bernard Amiaud ; Frank Pervanchon ; Sylvain Plantureux in Agronomy for Sustainable Development *, Vol. 25, n°1 ([01/01/2005])

Public ISBD [article]  inAgronomy for Sustainable Development * > Vol. 25, n°1 [01/01/2005] . - p. 1-15 Titre : Biodiversity: function and assessment in agricultural areas. Biodiversité : fonction et évaluation dans des zones agricoles. Type de document : Article Auteurs : Boris Clergue ; Bernard Amiaud ; Frank Pervanchon ; Sylvain Plantureux Année de publication : 2005 Article en page(s) : p. 1-15 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [Motbis 2025] biodiversité [Motbis 2025] démarche d'évaluation [Motbis 2025] paysage Note de contenu : Biodiversity has become a central concept in agronomical research since the Rio de Janeiro summit in 1992. Agricultural areas include a unique biological diversity which is the basis of human activities. Conservation of this biodiversity in agricultural and protected areas is therefore fundamental and requires an operational approach. Biodiversity is a complex entity which can be spread over several levels (genes, species, ecosystems and ecological processes) and can be related to three main functions: (i) patrimonial functions, (ii) agronomical functions and (iii) ecological functions. The patrimonial function concerns conservation of the landscape aesthetic and threatened species. The biodiversity function according to relationships with agricultural activities describes resistance to biotic and abiotic stress, and the production of cultivated ecosystems. Biodiversity is also involved in ecological functioning through the existence of special habitats with particular species. The relevance of assessment tools is required in order to understand and evaluate the impact of farm practices on the different compartments of biodiversity on the patch scale to the landscape scale. Different methods, such as direct measurements with biodiversity indexes, biotic indicators and models are described and their suitability and limits are discussed. [article] Biodiversity: function and assessment in agricultural areas. Biodiversité : fonction et évaluation dans des zones agricoles. [Article] / Boris Clergue ; Bernard Amiaud ; Frank Pervanchon ; Sylvain Plantureux . - 2005 . - p. 1-15. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Agronomy for Sustainable Development * > Vol. 25, n°1 [01/01/2005] . - p. 1-15 Catégories : [Motbis 2025] biodiversité [Motbis 2025] démarche d'évaluation [Motbis 2025] paysage Note de contenu : Biodiversity has become a central concept in agronomical research since the Rio de Janeiro summit in 1992. Agricultural areas include a unique biological diversity which is the basis of human activities. Conservation of this biodiversity in agricultural and protected areas is therefore fundamental and requires an operational approach. Biodiversity is a complex entity which can be spread over several levels (genes, species, ecosystems and ecological processes) and can be related to three main functions: (i) patrimonial functions, (ii) agronomical functions and (iii) ecological functions. The patrimonial function concerns conservation of the landscape aesthetic and threatened species. The biodiversity function according to relationships with agricultural activities describes resistance to biotic and abiotic stress, and the production of cultivated ecosystems. Biodiversity is also involved in ecological functioning through the existence of special habitats with particular species. The relevance of assessment tools is required in order to understand and evaluate the impact of farm practices on the different compartments of biodiversity on the patch scale to the landscape scale. Different methods, such as direct measurements with biodiversity indexes, biotic indicators and models are described and their suitability and limits are discussed.

Exemplaires(1)

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REV-00000175	Vol. 25, n°1 - 01/01/2005	Revue	Archives sur place	Documentaires	Disponible

Crop protection, biological control, habitat management and integrated farming. Protection de récolte, commande biologique, gestion d'habitat et affermage intégré / Jean-Philippe Deguine ; Pierre Ferron in Agronomy for Sustainable Development *, Vol. 25, n°1 ([01/01/2005])

Public ISBD [article]  inAgronomy for Sustainable Development * > Vol. 25, n°1 [01/01/2005] . - p. 17-24 Titre : Crop protection, biological control, habitat management and integrated farming. Protection de récolte, commande biologique, gestion d'habitat et affermage intégré Type de document : Article Auteurs : Jean-Philippe Deguine ; Pierre Ferron Année de publication : 2005 Article en page(s) : p. 17-24 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [Motbis 2025] biodiversité [Motbis 2025] habitat [Motbis 2025] mode de faire-valoir [Motbis 2025] récolte Note de contenu : In a context of rationalised agriculture integrating the principles of sustainable development, preventive measures for crop protection are called upon to play a dominant role. These preventive measures are based on close knowledge of the functioning of agroecosystems. They are aimed at managing biological pests and their natural enemies, first through action on their habitats both in crop fields and in the non-cultivated part of the farm. A balance of the biological control possibilities available is drawn up and attention paid to the application of recent knowledge in conservation biology. The bases of pest control with a ranking of the various intervention techniques are then set out. Implementation means the development of cropping systems and therefore increased participation by agronomists and also a break with certain agronomic practices commonly used by farmers today. [article] Crop protection, biological control, habitat management and integrated farming. Protection de récolte, commande biologique, gestion d'habitat et affermage intégré [Article] / Jean-Philippe Deguine ; Pierre Ferron . - 2005 . - p. 17-24. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Agronomy for Sustainable Development * > Vol. 25, n°1 [01/01/2005] . - p. 17-24 Catégories : [Motbis 2025] biodiversité [Motbis 2025] habitat [Motbis 2025] mode de faire-valoir [Motbis 2025] récolte Note de contenu : In a context of rationalised agriculture integrating the principles of sustainable development, preventive measures for crop protection are called upon to play a dominant role. These preventive measures are based on close knowledge of the functioning of agroecosystems. They are aimed at managing biological pests and their natural enemies, first through action on their habitats both in crop fields and in the non-cultivated part of the farm. A balance of the biological control possibilities available is drawn up and attention paid to the application of recent knowledge in conservation biology. The bases of pest control with a ranking of the various intervention techniques are then set out. Implementation means the development of cropping systems and therefore increased participation by agronomists and also a break with certain agronomic practices commonly used by farmers today.

Exemplaires(1)

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REV-00000175	Vol. 25, n°1 - 01/01/2005	Revue	Archives sur place	Documentaires	Disponible

Grapevine and climatic changes: a glance at the situation in Alsace Vigne et changements climatiques : un regard sur la situation en Alsace / Eric Duchêne ; Christophe Schneider in Agronomy for Sustainable Development *, Vol. 25, n°1 ([01/01/2005])

Public ISBD [article]  inAgronomy for Sustainable Development * > Vol. 25, n°1 [01/01/2005] . - p. 93-99 Titre : Grapevine and climatic changes: a glance at the situation in Alsace Vigne et changements climatiques : un regard sur la situation en Alsace Type de document : Article Auteurs : Eric Duchêne ; Christophe Schneider Année de publication : 2005 Article en page(s) : p. 93-99 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [Motbis 2025] variation climatique [Motbis 2025] vigne Note de contenu : The analysis of meteorological data recorded since 1972 at the INRA Station in Colmar (Alsace, France) reveals a significant increase in temperatures. Phenological data recorded on INRA grapevine collections over the same period show that the period between budburst and harvest has become both earlier and shorter. A comparison of climatic and phenological data shows that ripening is occuring under increasingly warm conditions. The climatic water demand after flowering tends to increase and, as there is no clear evidence for a change in rainfall, the risks associated with dry summers are likely to increase in the future. Quantified data on climate evolution, development stages and bioclimatic indices during the main development phases are presented and discussed. [article] Grapevine and climatic changes: a glance at the situation in Alsace Vigne et changements climatiques : un regard sur la situation en Alsace [Article] / Eric Duchêne ; Christophe Schneider . - 2005 . - p. 93-99. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Agronomy for Sustainable Development * > Vol. 25, n°1 [01/01/2005] . - p. 93-99 Catégories : [Motbis 2025] variation climatique [Motbis 2025] vigne Note de contenu : The analysis of meteorological data recorded since 1972 at the INRA Station in Colmar (Alsace, France) reveals a significant increase in temperatures. Phenological data recorded on INRA grapevine collections over the same period show that the period between budburst and harvest has become both earlier and shorter. A comparison of climatic and phenological data shows that ripening is occuring under increasingly warm conditions. The climatic water demand after flowering tends to increase and, as there is no clear evidence for a change in rainfall, the risks associated with dry summers are likely to increase in the future. Quantified data on climate evolution, development stages and bioclimatic indices during the main development phases are presented and discussed.

Exemplaires(1)

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REV-00000175	Vol. 25, n°1 - 01/01/2005	Revue	Archives sur place	Documentaires	Disponible

Spectral detection of crop residues for soil conservation from conventional and large biomass soybean Détection spectrale des résidus de récolte pour la conservation de sol du soja conventionnel et grand de biomasse / Lawrence Corp ; Thomas Devine in Agronomy for Sustainable Development *, Vol. 25, n°1 ([01/01/2005])

Public ISBD [article]  inAgronomy for Sustainable Development * > Vol. 25, n°1 [01/01/2005] . - p. 25-33 Titre : Spectral detection of crop residues for soil conservation from conventional and large biomass soybean Détection spectrale des résidus de récolte pour la conservation de sol du soja conventionnel et grand de biomasse Type de document : Article Auteurs : Lawrence Corp ; Thomas Devine Année de publication : 2005 Article en page(s) : p. 25-33 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [Motbis 2025] biomasse [Motbis 2025] érosion [Motbis 2025] sol [Motbis 2025] spectrométrie Note de contenu : A spectrally derived cellulose absorption index (CAI) was tested to determine its value as a remote sensing method for detecting crop residue ground coverage for soil erosion control in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.). Soybean produces inadequate crop residue for soil conservation purposes in many production years. Crop residues left on the soil surface after harvest slow soil erosion rates. The CAI remote sensing technique was tested over field plots of conventional and large biomass soybean (LBS) with known above ground crop residue biomass and surface coverage. New LBS types are being bred and tested at the Beltsville Agricultural Research Center (BARC), Beltsville, Maryland, US, and can grow to heights of 1.8 m and produce increased amounts of crop residue compared to conventional cultivars. The highest performing LBS line for these traits provided 2963 kg/ha more crop residue biomass and provided a maximum increase of 42% more crop residue cover than the poorest performing conventional soybean. The comparison of LBS versus conventional soybean provided a wide range of soybean residue coverage for testing the CAI remote sensing algorithm. Spectrally derived CAI measures of crop residue were significantly associated with physical ground measurements of crop biomass at harvest and % cover after over wintering. Significant correlations were found between, the CAI and at harvest biomass (r2 = 0.66), between, the CAI and the line point transect measurement (r2 = 0.74), and between, CAI and the analysis of red-green-blue digital imagery (r2 = 0.74) for measuring crop residue cover. These findings indicate that LBS can increase crop residue biomass and crop residue soil coverage by soybean litter and these factors can be detected by remote sensing methods in the field. [article] Spectral detection of crop residues for soil conservation from conventional and large biomass soybean Détection spectrale des résidus de récolte pour la conservation de sol du soja conventionnel et grand de biomasse [Article] / Lawrence Corp ; Thomas Devine . - 2005 . - p. 25-33. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Agronomy for Sustainable Development * > Vol. 25, n°1 [01/01/2005] . - p. 25-33 Catégories : [Motbis 2025] biomasse [Motbis 2025] érosion [Motbis 2025] sol [Motbis 2025] spectrométrie Note de contenu : A spectrally derived cellulose absorption index (CAI) was tested to determine its value as a remote sensing method for detecting crop residue ground coverage for soil erosion control in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.). Soybean produces inadequate crop residue for soil conservation purposes in many production years. Crop residues left on the soil surface after harvest slow soil erosion rates. The CAI remote sensing technique was tested over field plots of conventional and large biomass soybean (LBS) with known above ground crop residue biomass and surface coverage. New LBS types are being bred and tested at the Beltsville Agricultural Research Center (BARC), Beltsville, Maryland, US, and can grow to heights of 1.8 m and produce increased amounts of crop residue compared to conventional cultivars. The highest performing LBS line for these traits provided 2963 kg/ha more crop residue biomass and provided a maximum increase of 42% more crop residue cover than the poorest performing conventional soybean. The comparison of LBS versus conventional soybean provided a wide range of soybean residue coverage for testing the CAI remote sensing algorithm. Spectrally derived CAI measures of crop residue were significantly associated with physical ground measurements of crop biomass at harvest and % cover after over wintering. Significant correlations were found between, the CAI and at harvest biomass (r2 = 0.66), between, the CAI and the line point transect measurement (r2 = 0.74), and between, CAI and the analysis of red-green-blue digital imagery (r2 = 0.74) for measuring crop residue cover. These findings indicate that LBS can increase crop residue biomass and crop residue soil coverage by soybean litter and these factors can be detected by remote sensing methods in the field.

Exemplaires(1)

Code-barres	Cote	Support	Localisation	Section	Disponibilité
REV-00000175	Vol. 25, n°1 - 01/01/2005	Revue	Archives sur place	Documentaires	Disponible